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Hiking trails & Routes
Ellsworth County

Horsethief Canyon and Smoky Hill River

Routes
Hiking trails & Routes
Ellsworth County

Horsethief Canyon and Smoky Hill River

Moderate

Horsethief Canyon and Smoky Hill River

03:55

14.4km

160m

Hiking

Embark on the Horsethief Canyon and Smoky Hill River trail, a moderate hike spanning 9.0 miles (14.4 km) with an elevation gain of 528 feet (161 metres). This route takes you through a striking transition from open prairie to rugged canyons, revealing impressive sandstone bluffs and unique hoodoo-style spires, particularly…

Last updated: April 23, 2026

Waypoints

A

Start point

Parking

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1

389 m

Kanopolis Lake

Highlight • Lake

Kanopolis Lake, like many lakes in western Kansas, is man-made. The Smoky Hill River was dammed in 1948 for flood control purposes, and today the lake is used for rereation.

Tip by

2

9.12 km

Red Rocks Canyon

Highlight • Canyon

In Red Rocks Canyon you will find a maze of formations of red sandstone emerging from the prairie canyon.

Tip by

3

13.6 km

Horsethief Canyon

Highlight • Canyon

Although the true origin of the name "Horsethief Canyon" has been lost to time, there are many stories. One tale describes a pair of horse thieves who were caught, killed, and buried in the canyon by a local deputy.

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B

14.4 km

End point

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Way Types & Surfaces

Way Types

9.91 km

3.32 km

1.18 km

Surfaces

10.0 km

3.71 km

669 m

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Elevation

Elevation

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Weather

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Today

Thursday 7 May

26°C

4°C

0 %

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Max wind speed: 15.0 km/h

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Frequently Asked Questions

Where can I park to access the Horsethief Canyon and Smoky Hill River trail?

The trail is located within Kanopolis State Park. You can find parking areas near the main trailheads within the park, particularly in the Horsethief Area, which provides direct access to the canyon trails.

Is the trail dog-friendly?

Yes, dogs are generally allowed on the trails within Kanopolis State Park. However, it's always best to keep them on a leash and ensure you clean up after them to preserve the natural environment for everyone.

What is the best time of year to hike this route?

The trail offers unique experiences year-round. Spring and fall provide pleasant temperatures and vibrant scenery. During warmer seasons, be prepared for canyons to hold heat, and always carry plenty of water. After heavy rains, some sections can be muddy and slippery, with potential high water levels at creek crossings.

Do I need a permit or pay an entrance fee for Kanopolis State Park?

Yes, as the trail is located within Kanopolis State Park, a park entrance fee is required. You may also need a state park vehicle permit. For the most current information on fees and permits, please check the official Kansas Outdoors website: ksoutdoors.gov.

What kind of terrain will I encounter on the trail?

You'll experience a diverse landscape, from flat prairie land to rugged canyons. Expect sandy and rocky sections, hills, and several creek crossings. The scenery features striking sandstone bluffs, deep canyons, caves, and unique hoodoo-style spires, with red rock hues contrasting against grasslands.

What notable features or landmarks can I see along the way?

The route showcases the unique geology of Kansas, including impressive sandstone bluffs and hoodoos. You'll pass through Horsethief Canyon and can explore Red Rocks Canyon. Expansive views of the Smoky Hills region and Kanopolis Lake are also highlights. Keep an eye out for an active prairie dog town in the Horsethief Area.

Is this a good trail for beginners, or is it more challenging?

The trail offers sections suitable for both beginners and more experienced hikers. The loop combining Horsethief Canyon and Red Rock Canyon, for example, is approximately 6 miles long with a 600-foot elevation gain and can be challenging. Be prepared for obstacles and potentially muddy, slippery conditions, especially after rain.

What wildlife might I spot while hiking?

The diverse environment supports various wildlife. You might see beavers along waterways, deer, and a variety of birds. The active prairie dog town in the Horsethief Area provides excellent opportunities for wildlife viewing.

What should I bring for a hike on this trail?

It's highly recommended to wear waterproof shoes due to potential creek crossings and muddy sections. Always carry plenty of water, especially during warmer seasons when the canyons can retain heat. Sun protection and appropriate layers for changing weather are also advisable.

Are there any historical aspects to the Horsethief Canyon and Smoky Hill River area?

Yes, the area is rich in history. Horsethief Canyon itself was historically used by thieves to hide stolen horses. The broader Smoky Hill River region was an ancient Native American trail and later a crucial emigrant route, the Smoky Hill Trail, during the Pike's Peak Gold Rush in the 19th century.

Is the trail suitable for families with children?

While some sections can be challenging, there are parts of the trail that are good for beginners and families. Consider the shorter, less strenuous sections for younger children. Always assess the current trail conditions, especially after rain, as mud and high water can make it more difficult.

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