The best walks and hikes around Melzo

The Muzza Canal is the oldest in Europe and just this year, its 800th anniversary was celebrated by the Municipality of Paullo in collaboration with the Pro Loco and other Municipalities. Its origin dates back to the year 1220, when Frederick II of Swabia, crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, issued an imperial edict that granted the people of Lodi the right to use the waters flowing within their territory. The current route, about 60 km long, receives the waters of the Adda River at Cassano d’Adda, at an altitude of 120 m above sea level, crosses the Lodi territory for about 40 km until near Castiglione d’Adda, at an altitude of 45 m above sea level, and here it releases them back into the Adda River. It has a regulated water regime, with a flow rate, depending on the season, of about 200 thousand liters of water per second; an initial width of 50 meters which reduces to a few meters at the end of its course and an average depth of 2 meters.

The Muzza canal (61 km long in total) is a branch of the Adda River and has recently celebrated its 800th anniversary, making it one of the oldest in Europe. Its name, with slight variations over the centuries, still recalls the Roman family Mutia who moved here in 90 BC, starting the first land reclamation works. Smaller watercourses branch off from the wide canal, winding through the countryside for a total length of about 1000 kilometers, mainly intended for agricultural irrigation. The surrounding landscape of countryside and farmhouses is evocative, with a succession of tree-lined rows and open fields. It is also very interesting from a naturalistic point of view as it attracts many aquatic birds that can be observed along the route.

The Naviglio della Martesana, definitively completed in 1496 under the leadership of Ludovico il Moro, flows from Trezzo sull’Adda to Milan for a total length of 38 km. The route runs alongside the ancient Roman road (the current SS 11 padana superiore) which crossed the Adda with two branches: at Vaprio and at Cassano. Irrigation of the land located above the spring belt was for a long time the predominant use of the canal, so much so that initially navigation was limited to two days a week; concurrently with the improvement of the agricultural structure thanks to irrigation, a notable flourishing of stately villas occurred in the Baroque era, aimed at enjoying the convenience of water travel and controlling the owned lands.

Leonardo's locks on the Naviglio della Martesana, particularly the Conca dell'Incoronata and the Conca di San Marco in Milan, are 15th-16th century engineering systems designed to overcome water level differences and connect the Martesana to the inner network of canals. Designed by Leonardo da Vinci, these locks used wooden leaf gates, designed to facilitate the passage of barges loaded with goods.

The covered wooden bridge over the Naviglio Martesana in Gorgonzola is a historic and characteristic pedestrian crossing from the 15th century, renovated over time, which connects the two banks of the canal. A local symbol, it unites historic buildings and offers a suggestive view, representing one of the most iconic structures in the town along the canal.

Completed in 1471, the Naviglio Martesana was a huge hydraulic work of its time. Used for the transport of things and people, on both banks there was the road that was used by horses pulling barges along this important waterway that connected the villages with Milan, the big city. Now the use of the canal as a transport route has fallen into disuse after the mass arrival of rubber-wheeled transport and the route has been transformed into a beautiful cycle path, it is on this route that the Martesana cycle path is described, 36 kilometers on its own protected route and almost not at all trafficked by motor vehicles.

A very characteristic, ancient bridge located on the Martesana; a photo is a must! I don't think it's called the "Bridge of Sighs," but it's very characteristic.

The building, older than the current church of Saints Protaso and Gervaso of Gorgonzola (early 19th century, designed by Simone Cantoni), occupies a picturesque location between the sacred and the landscape. To the north, it overlooks the churchyard, while to the south, it follows the elegant bend of the Martesana Canal. Completely restored in 2006, it today retains its historical and architectural value.