Top 5 Castles around Petina

Suggestive structure in the old part

Buccino is the ancient Volcei. Worth seeing are the urban archaeological park in the pretty town center and the Norman castle.

Sicignano degli Alburni is a small town in the province of Salerno. Part of the municipality is inserted within the boundaries of the Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni National Park. Giusso Castle and the villages of Fontanella, Rupa and San Matteo still have many medieval features: a real leap into history!

A square tower is still visible of the ancient fortified structure, while the castle is being restored. Of the early fifteenth century plant there are certainly, beyond the corner tower with machicolations, the underground rooms, including two dungeons, barrel-covered and forming a single room separated by an arch, accessible by means of a flight of stairs from the first internal courtyard; equipped with windows that open at the end of deep ogival lunettes, they had to be used as prison cells, to be then adapted to other uses with the construction of a perimeter balcony, perhaps in the years remembered by a date painted at the entrance (1619 ).

Postiglione rises on the Alburni mountains and is part of the Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni national park. The origins of Postiglione go back to the tenth century when the inhabitants of ancient Paestum, forced by the incursions of the Saracens and Turkish pirates, to abandon their land, took refuge in this place considered suitable for defense. It is possible to visit the Norman castle of the eleventh century; the parish church of San Giorgio (14th century), built in the Middle Ages; the Sanctuary of the Ss. Annunziata and monastery of the Carmelites dating back to the 16th century; the Chapel of San Rocco (17th century), was built by some survivors of a cholera epidemic in 1656 as a tribute to the Saint; the Chapel of San Vito (16th century), is the oldest chapel in the town.

The park develops entirely in the historic center of the city, in a path that is partly underground and partly raised. The stratification of the urban fabric, in the different eras, has made it possible to create a unique archaeological park, where ancient structures blend with medieval and recent buildings, making it a valid example of urban archeology. https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parco_archeologico_urbano_di_Volcei

That of Buccino represents a typical example of the baronial castle of the Salerno hinterland. The manor, although in a state of ruin, has recently been restored as part of the programs of the Ancient Volcei urban park. The various architectural elements have been preserved through which it is possible to read the chronological and functional evolution of the site. It is not excluded that the promontory guarding the underlying inhabited area was already used in Roman times, as evidenced by the various elements of reuse found in recent works. However, we must wait until the 12th century to have the first documentary information of the fief of Buccino, through which we know the names of the first dominus: Nicola di Principato, count (1128); Judge Aminabad (1141); Riccardo Philippi (1141). With the advent of the Swabians the castle had to lose importance, since it is not mentioned in the Statutum de reparatione castrorum imperialium. Even afterwards there is no news about the presence of castellans and servants inside the castle. From these data it can be deduced that the Buccinese castle did not play a particularly important role, from a military point of view, in the chessboard of the Kingdom's fortifications. In 1247 the castrum Buccino or Pulcini belonged to the feudal lord Tommaso di Fasanella. With the Angevins the castle was again assigned to important feudal lords, who changed the face of the manor according to the customs of the time. In 1269 the castle, together with those of Campagna, Eboli, Auletta and Quaglietta, was assigned to Roberto, eldest son of the Count of Flanders. Already in 1271 it was revoked from the Royal Curia, to be then assigned, until 1274, to Gualtiero de Sommerouse, soldier and executioner of the Kingdom. During the fifth summons of Charles I of Anjou (1276-1277) the castle was stolen from Tommaso Count of Marsico to be assigned to Guidone d'Alemagna, soldier, executioner, councilor, royal family, treasurer and fiscal receiver. In the following two centuries, the castle was in the possession of the d'Alemagna family, then passed to the Caracciolo and Di Sangro families. At present the castle structure is characterized by a mighty Norman square-plan keep which must have been the only existing structure, at least until the advent of the Angevins. The construction of a first courtyard dates back to the late 13th century, with related residential buildings, two circular towers at the corners and a large cistern, with an adjoining service area in the southern part. This first transformation is probably the work of the d'Alemagna family, in a crucial moment for the history of the Kingdom, characterized by the so-called war of the Vespers, which broke out in 1282 and which reached its peak in Campania at the end of the 13th century. In that period they began to build circular towers with escarpments at the base with an upper crown consisting of corbels and arches for the plumbing defense. Although the circular towers of the castle of Buccino are cut off, they fall within this type of construction, typical of Angevin castle architecture. In the first half of the 14th century, the castle underwent a new structural reorganization. The hill is equipped with a defensive system consisting of a moat with two other circular towers and a second wall. Some rooms and a stable included in the perimeter area of the external walls can still be ascribed to the Angevin age. Between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries the castle underwent a gradual abandonment, as evidenced by the progressive filling layers of the moat and the levels of obliteration found in the environment identified as the stable. The resumption of intensive occupation of the hill takes place between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries when the reorganization of the internal courtyard, occupied along the northern edge by a stable, and the creation of a water drainage system, defined a substantial change in the intended use of the spaces. During the nineteenth century. the castle assumes the appearance of a building witnessed by four large limestone, located along the northern slope of the hill, and by numerous lime extinguishing pits in the southern part. arch. Lucio Ganelli

Sicignano degli Alburni is an Italian town of 3,181 inhabitants in the province of Salerno in Campania. The municipal territory rises between the Tanagro valley and the Alburni Mountains, and is largely included in the Cilento and Vallo di Diano national park. https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicignano_degli_Alburni