Top 20 Caves in the Vulkaneifel
Best caves in the Vulkaneifel are shaped by the region's volcanic past, offering insights into geological processes and historical human activity. These subterranean sites provide a unique perspective on the area's natural history and former industries. Many caves are former basalt quarries, while others are natural formations. Exploring these caves reveals the ingenuity of early inhabitants and the natural forces that shaped the landscape.
Best caves in the Vulkaneifel
- The most popular caves is Buchenloch Cave, a cave formed naturally by groundwater. This cave is open year-round and accessible via a ladder, offering a glimpse into natural geological formations.
- Another must-see spot is Millstone Cave at Rother Kopf, a historical site created through the mining of porous volcanic rock for millstones. Visitors can observe how millstones were worked out from the rock, showcasing the region's industrial past.
- Visitors also love Millstone Cave at Nerother Kopf, an artificial cave formed by the extraction of millstones from a volcanic rock wall. Unfinished millstone blanks can still be observed on the cave walls, providing a tangible connection to historical craftsmanship.
- Vulkaneifel is known for natural caves, artificial millstone caves, and ice caves. The region offers a variety of subterranean experiences, from geological formations to historical mining sites.
- The caves in the Vulkaneifel are appreciated by the komoot community, with more than 2200 upvotes and over 1700 photos shared by visitors.
Last updated: June 22, 2026
Buchenloch Cave
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Millstone Cave at Nerother Kopf
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The millstone cave consists of lava boards and is an artificial cave in the Vulkaneifel, Rhineland-Palatinate. It was created by the production of millstones from a volcanic rock wall.
The Millstone Cave is located in the summit area of Nerother Head, a wooded hill of volcanic origin just east of Neroth. The entrance is located just below the castle ruin Freudenkoppe at an altitude of about 640 m and is accessible via a hiking trail. The cave is 18 meters deep and its vault up to ten meters high. It is walkable but unlit (flashlight required).
The Nerother head turned out early because of its steep vertical walls of lava panels as a suitable mining site for millstones. The date of commencement of quarrying is unknown, but probably lies before the castle was built around 1340. The millstones were broken out of the rock with a hammer and a chisel and finished on the spot. Unfinished blanks of these stones can still be found on the walls of the cave today. Outside the cave remains of broken millstones can be found. However, the lava rock was not only mined for millstone production, but was also used in the construction of Burg Freudenkoppe use. Even in later times millstones were recovered here again, the last testimony dates back to 1788. Presumably, the cave was larger at this time and also included a side exit, slipping earth but moved a part of the cave. According to a legend, the cave was even part of an underground corridor to other castles, which is also in the popular poem Op the Nerother Kopp / there sits the Deuwel drob / drives under the ground through / to the Altburg is expressed.
In the cave members of Wandervogel e met on December 31, 1919. V. to found the Nerother Wandervogel.
Since 1980, the cave is under protection as a cultural monument
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Millstone Cave at Rother Kopf
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Birresborn Ice Caves (Birresborner Ice Caves)
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Rock overhang with wooden cross below the Dreimühlen ruin
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Arnulphus Chapel (Heiligenhäuschen) near Walsdorf and Zilsdorf
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The only reminder of the church was a processional cross on the way up. But in 1988 a saint's house was built next to it, again dedicated to Arnulphus, as a place of refuge for prayers and as a reminder of the former parish church.
Text: Tim Becker, source: eifelbildverlag.de/die-arnulphuskapelle-bei-walsdorf-und-zilsdorf
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Caves and natural rock arch on the Ernstberg summit
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Gerolsteiner Dolomites Climbing Crags
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Martins Cave
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Tunnel Entrance to the Volcano Crater
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Tips from the Community
A little north of the two villages of Walsdorf and Zilsdorf is a highlight that every visitor to the Eifel with at least a little geological interest should have on their wish list: The Arensberg volcano. Since this is created separately (and unfortunately, multiple times in the komoot system), here is only the access, a tunnel of non-natural origin. A covered passage has been created to protect visitors from possible falling rocks.
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The caves can be explored with the help of a flashlight.
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Very beautiful and well-kept Marian grotto.
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Beautiful!! A few experienced climbers went up the steep wall
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This access to the volcano is well worth seeing.
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At these heights, millstones were once quarried from the basalt rock.
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A beautiful passage into the interior of the volcano. Especially since your eyes have to get used to the lighting conditions. You walk into this tunnel almost blind. There's something mystical about it.
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The passage leads into the volcanic crater.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What types of caves can I explore in the Vulkaneifel region?
The Vulkaneifel region offers a diverse range of caves, including natural formations shaped by groundwater, such as the Buchenloch Cave. You'll also find numerous artificial caves, primarily former basalt quarries like the Millstone Cave at Nerother Kopf, where millstones were extracted for centuries. Some of these, like the Birresborn Ice Caves, even maintain consistently cool temperatures.
What historical insights do the Vulkaneifel caves offer?
Many caves in the Vulkaneifel, particularly the millstone caves, provide a direct connection to the region's industrial past. Sites like the Millstone Cave at Rother Kopf showcase how volcanic rock was quarried for millstones, with unfinished blanks still visible on the walls. The Buchenloch Cave also revealed tools and animal bones from the Ice Age during excavations, highlighting ancient human presence.
When is the best time to visit the Vulkaneifel caves?
The best time to visit depends on the specific cave. Many caves that serve as winter quarters for bats, such as the Birresborn Ice Caves, are closed from October 1st to March 31st to protect the wildlife. Natural formations like the Buchenloch Cave are generally open year-round, though it's still advised to avoid disturbing bats during their hibernation period.
Are there any family-friendly caves in the Vulkaneifel region?
Yes, several caves are suitable for families. The Buchenloch Cave is easily accessible via a small staircase. Exploring the millstone caves like the Millstone Cave at Nerother Kopf can also be an educational experience for children, showing them how ancient tools were used. Always bring a flashlight and wear sturdy shoes for safety.
What should I wear or bring when exploring Vulkaneifel caves?
For most Vulkaneifel caves, sturdy shoes are highly recommended due to uneven terrain. A flashlight or headlamp is essential, as many caves are unlit, including the Millstone Cave at Nerother Kopf and the Millstone Cave at Rother Kopf. Given the consistently cool temperatures in some caves, even in summer, a light jacket might be comfortable.
Can I find hiking trails that include Vulkaneifel caves?
Yes, many caves are integrated into scenic hiking routes. For example, the Millstone Cave at Nerother Kopf is accessible via a hiking trail near the Freudenkoppe castle ruins. You can find various routes that combine cave exploration with the region's volcanic landscapes. For more hiking options, explore the Mountain Hikes in the Vulkaneifel guide.
Are there any caves with unique natural features in the Vulkaneifel?
The Vulkaneifel boasts unique geological formations. The Cheese Cave (Elfengrotte) near Bad Bertrich, for instance, features basalt columns weathered to resemble stacked cheese loaves. The Caves and natural rock arch on the Ernstberg summit also offer a natural bridge and small caves formed within the basalt rock.
Why are some Vulkaneifel caves called 'Ice Caves'?
Caves like the Birresborn Ice Caves and the Millstone Cave at Rother Kopf earned their nickname due to a natural 'cold trap' phenomenon. Cold air enters in winter and remains trapped, keeping temperatures consistently low (often below 7°C) even in summer. Historically, this made them ideal for ice storage, and ice can sometimes persist until early summer.
Are there any guided tours available for the Vulkaneifel caves?
Yes, guided tours are available for some caves, offering deeper insights into their history and geological significance. For example, guided tours are offered at the Birresborn Ice Caves, connecting them to the 600,000-year-old Fischbachvulkan.
What other outdoor activities can I do near the Vulkaneifel caves?
The Vulkaneifel region offers a wide range of outdoor activities beyond cave exploration. You can find numerous hiking opportunities, including challenging mountain hikes and scenic waterfall trails. The area is also popular for road cycling. For more ideas, check out the Mountain Hikes in the Vulkaneifel, Waterfall hikes in the Vulkaneifel, and Road Cycling Routes in the Vulkaneifel guides.
Are there any less crowded caves to visit in the Vulkaneifel?
While popular spots like Buchenloch Cave attract many visitors, the Vulkaneifel has numerous smaller caves and rock formations that might offer a quieter experience. Consider exploring less prominent highlights like Martins Cave or Borussia Cave, which are often part of hiking trails and provide a serene natural setting.
What kind of wildlife can be found in the Vulkaneifel caves?
Many Vulkaneifel caves serve as important habitats for bats, particularly during winter hibernation. This is why certain caves, such as the Birresborn Ice Caves, are closed to visitors from October to March to protect these sensitive creatures. Observing bats is generally not permitted to avoid disturbance.
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